Weird Sore Under Nose

PERSONALITY AND LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION


By Claudio Cortes Rocha Maintenance Leader
Unv. Arturo Prat. Magister
adm. Companies.
Organizational Behavior.
Professor: Horst Bussesnius Cortada


INTRODUCTION Today

where borders have been open to globalization, organizations and businesses are constantly struggling to become ever more competitive, the result of this is due to people is made up of maximizing their capabilities and making them more efficient. In the organization is essential to speak of leadership, leaders and how they achieve their followers achieve their goals.

One of the essential tools for leaders is the motivation, fundamental for the followers of the leader to achieve their objectives more efficiently and with better results. Leaders like every person has strengths and weaknesses to be the same to know before meeting each other and with their fans and success. This analysis is very important for the performance and benefit the organization or staff. Here

arem distinction between management and leadership, synonyms that we must distinguish and talk as motivation has a positive influence in people to achieve greater performance. Organizations have realized that without this continued investment in its people will become less competitive and will be destined to die rapidly in time. LEADERSHIP



According to the dictionary of the English language (1996), is the "direction or leadership of a political party, social group or community." The Dictionary of Science and Behavior (1956), defines it as "personality traits and skills that offer guidance and control of other individuals."

leader in organizations, is chosen voluntarily by a group or team that has a positive impact on people with the art of communication to achieve their desires and goals.

The difference between a manager and leader is simply that the administrator is elected by the organization appropriate to a profile necessary to pre-evaluated and usually do not get a following and that has to be doomed to run tasks.

A leader also manages the tasks, but this is still one of the team with his gift of communication does have followers and this is fundamentally different from a manager within an organization.

Chiavenatto Idalberto (1993) "Leadership is interpersonal influence exercised in a situation, directed through the process of human communication to achieve one or several goals. "

THE FOUR PILLARS OF A LEADER

• Proof: Leaders must be prepared for surprises on the part of a team or working group, but the leaders for any reason you can give it to them, should always maintain a standard .

• Consistency: The leaders practice what we preach. Must always be the example.

• Reliability: Leaders are always in their booths when they need their teammates to always critical.

• Integrity: Leaders always fulfill their commitments and promises.

STYLES OF LEADERSHIP IN AN ORGANIZATION

• Charismatic Leader: It is the one character who emerges from the political, religious and in the case of the organization for the needs of a working group because it has a positive vision of how to achieve objectives.

Weber defined charismatic authority as "resting on devotion to the exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual, and the standards or regulatory order revealed or ordained by him."

• Autocratic leader, that leader is that you assume full responsibility and decision-making, has a solid position of strength and control. The answer to his subordinates is obedience and adherence to its decisions.

• Participatory Leader: This leader does not delegate all the responsibilities, before decisions are consulted and devised views subordinates, always listening and analyzing, making them part of the process.

• Liberal Leader: Delegates virtually all responsibility and decision-making. Are passive and expect subordinates own responsibilities and take decisions on their own motivation.

COMPARISON AND IMPORTANCE LEADERSHIP

Through all time both religious philosophy, political, etc. Have been led by leaders. These have been so awesome to create a vision for his followers that becomes a belief that they can not escape.

An example of this is Adolf Hitler, who from 1930 to 1944 was a great leader. According to studies by German sociology of Max Weber, it pigeonholed as a charismatic leader and he conquered and manipulated the masses to achieve their accession, clinging to nationalist sentiments to create a link that would lead to national unification in order to lead. For this in his speeches and theatrical events body was always talking about racial purity, feelings of community belonging and national pride.

"The German people called him the new Messiah or El Salvador, born of social and political demands of a crisis resolution, removing layers below making Germany Europe's domination of the second world war."

Pope John Paul II, whose given name is Karol Wojtyla from Poland, died in Rome on April 2, 2005 at the Vatican at age 84 after 26 years as pontiff of the Catholic church.

is also considered a great charismatic leader, was based on forgiveness and justice, being a Catholic leader very different from the others. Attacked capitalism, said the evangelical leader, always up for people and was a tireless worker.
His charisma allowed him to have a good relationship with various political and religious leaders. Becoming a person of dialogue of tolerance.

His physical presence caused a spiritual motivation inexplicable closeness with God that shine in the limelight.

Nicaraguan journalist Walter Perez, in a communication from Rome, said that John Paul II was a pope who lived his ordeal and is ready to see God, which is its rightful place in heaven. I do not believe in any religion, but the Pope is my role model from now on, "said Perez, who was part of the international press in the Vatican.

The comparison I can determine they were great charismatic leaders, perhaps in the history of mankind. Of their outstanding abilities to lead masses of the gift we had to motivate people to own weapons as theatrical oratory Faith and the only difference in terms of leadership I could find were his goals for his followers. MOTIVATION



is said to be the quintessential leader because the leader must be an entity motivating the team to get excited results.

Motivation is defined as: The act of encouraging the team to perform better to meet their objectives.

A motivated worker does have a better result in the achievement of the objectives, tie ne greater creativity, offer their own initiative and motivation conveys the customer, with greater satisfaction.
American psychologist Abraham Maslow
1908-1970, design a motivational hierarchy of six levels explaining human behavior.
This is the theory of motivation, satisfying different needs with some hierarchical order.

• physiological needs.
• Need for health.
• need to belong.
• Need for esteem.
• Self-realization.

Abraham Maslow. "The self-realized man." Pp. 236-266. Ed Kairos, 2007. Barcelona.

The inference I can say about Maslow and his theory is that the needs are actually this hierarchy, the distances between these steps depend on the possibilities of life and I can also say all options having the capacity for satisfaction also depends on individual, some more and others less.

McGregor, born in 1906 in Ditrit, USA. Ph.D. in psychology from Harvard, postulated the theory X, Y. Which classifies two types of individuals within an organization.

Theory X: These individuals prefer to avoid work if possible preferring to be addressed and to avoid responsibilities, leaving their work in the background.

Theory Y: These individuals are more optimistic and believes that people want to work for themselves, derive their satisfaction from their work, have the ability to receive responsibilities, applied imagination, creativity and problems facing the organization.

Today we also speak of the Theory Z, this postulates that individuals can not separate their personal life of his work, his condition is not unrelated of man and the humanization of work. It

proposed by McGregor and the relationship that I do in my work. I am leading a small team, consisting of no more than four people, where I can clearly identify what was said by the psychologist. I try not to make a distinction in the team who is the leader, but not neglect my responsibility, which I hit every day is the motivation of my colleagues by introducing them to the new challenge of the day and as we embrace a positive, giving to meet each, where X or Y the importance of their contribution to achieving the goal. I am a people neighbors to change according to your environment, but I am also a more confident, if convinced that the environment of an individual can change from the and the benefits and rewards that you receive in return, used primarily as a motivational focus its own "loved ones."

OTHER BIG MOTIVATION: John W.

Atkinson and David McClelland, proposed in his theory that motivated people have three drives: the need for achievement, power and affiliation. The balance of this depends on the people.

David Nadler and E. Lawler: given four on organizational behavior, expectations,
• Individual and environmental factors.
• decisions about their behavior in the organization.
• Needs of desires and goals.
• Behaviors that may lead to the desired results.

Vroom, was another exponent recognizes the importance of various individual needs and motivations. It is more realistic than Maslow and Herzberg, consistent with the management system goals. BIBLIOGRAPHY



• ricardo Solana F adm. Organizations. Eds. SABAires Interoceanica 1993.
• Stoner, James, Freeman, R. Edward and Gilbert Jr. Adm.6a. Ed Pearson, Mexico 96
• Koontz, Harold, Weinhrich, Heinz Adm.Una Global Prospects, Mexico 1999.
• Sallenave, Jean-Paul. Integral Management Nole competition issues.
• Wy B. Bennis Nanus 1995, Lederer, the "4 keys to effective leadership."
• English Language Dictionaries 1984. Madrid: polyurethane foam-Calpe.
• Adair, J 1990 leaders, not bosses. Bogota: Legis.
• Hitler, Adolf. My Struggle. Chile: Ed Trasandina, 2001



WEBSITES • E: \\ Master \\ lideres.htm types
• davidjuda.blogspot.com / ... / douglas-mcgregor.html
• E: \\ magister \\ Theories the Motivación.htm
• E: \\ Master \\ The most intimate secret of the Fuehrer • ELPAÍS_com.htm
• https: www.biografiasyvidas.com / biography / e / Eisenhower.htm

Problems Withpoptropica Logging Me Out

Master of Business Administration - UNAP - 2010 Organizational Behavior Module

By Walter Sierra López

I must confess that for me is a great challenge to write about these two topics I've chosen not only because of how extensive can become, but also that it is seeking to scrutinize the human mind trying to understand what is suitable (or not) against the development of good leadership and sound decision-making.
There are things that often make me question the validity of the Theory and Practice in front of the two concepts generally do not match the reality, and a key aspect motivated me to address both issues is seen in class diagram, which is herein below, do not want to seem illogical, but really for me was very different "view" and then to "watch", "mature" and "chew" or at least try, I invite you to take a look and watch carefully:
Interesting, right? ... For this reason is that I want to discuss these 2 issues of Leadership and Decision Making, I refine the theory to my approach staff, and share with you my thoughts on the matter, then we are on hand and to start I want to quote some definitions of leadership I describe below
Leadership can say that it is any capacity that an individual may have to influence a group of people (followers), making this group work with enthusiasm in achieving common goals. Is defined as the ability to take initiative, manage, hold, promote, encourage, motivate and evaluate a group or team.
Or maybe we can move to a more short (no less accurate), as described in the Organisational Behaviour module, where we define that:
Leader: A person who has more influence on the group, which the group in .
This definition implies that there is a leader who can influence and motivate their followers. Hence, in studies Leadership is an emphasis on persuasive power and influence over others. Traditionally, the sum of these two variables has been called Charisma. However, there are current studies in psychology and sociology that have concluded that charisma has no historical importance had been given and that there are other factors that are determinant in building leadership.
We also mention that there are different leadership styles defined on the basis of leader development, among which are:
• autocratic leadership (where the leader is the only one in the group that makes decisions about work and the organization) .
• Democratic leadership (where the leader makes decisions after group discussion encouraging, considering the views of their followers).
• Leadership paternalistic (where the leader makes most of the decisions giving rewards and punishments at a time). Encouraging their followers with rewards if they target.
• liberal leadership (laissez faire), the leader adopts a passive role, leaving the power in the group and members of the group enjoy total freedom, and have the only when asked for their views. • Leadership lateral
: (performed between persons of the same rank within an organization)
Another type of classification we can find according to the Theory of Bass (1990) where we can distinguish 3 types of leadership, according to the type of leader's influence over his followers (or subordinate), and we define:
• Transactional Leadership: It is one in which followers are motivated based on the expected benefits for the achievement of goals or tasks. Indeed, this style involves a negotiation process between leader and followers.
• Transformational Leadership: Is that where the leader leads to achieving standards of excellence, individually and collectively, through the establishment of a vision and a common vision, the leader has the ability to modify scale of values, attitudes and beliefs of the followers. Laissez faire
• Leadership: It is the one where the leader relinquishes control and allows them to be subordinates who make the decisions. Independent
definitions, I would like to mention the definition of the Authentic Leader (as if others were not) but I find it quite interesting to include it as follows:
• Authentic Leadership: the one leader who focuses on leadership first place itself. He is a leader with great self, fair, spiritual, compassionate and generous. Only once the leader's mind can lead others. Reviewing all definitions
described above, we find that as a general rule the definition of leadership means that one person (the leader) who can influence and motivate others (followers). Hence, in studies on leadership emphasizes the power of persuasion and influence.
Following the above assumptions we obtain the following conclusion:
All I can tell a leader is to have followers, no leader without followers.
Let me disagree with that, I think the Leader is the person with his qualities and abilities to exercise leadership in the inter relationship with his followers, that is, I reformulated the sentence earlier, saying "there is no leadership without followers (the influence of the leader of the group), but the leader still exists, since it retains its abilities as such. Defin Arieu
and the leader as "a person capable of inspiring and associate others with a dream." It is therefore important that organizations have a mission high transcendent, since it is a powerful way to strengthen the leadership of its directors.
5 months ago at the time I am faced with a situation, leading a new team, after 8 years leading 2 areas in other national company, constantly reflecting on how my leadership influence or interact with the quality of decision making is at this point where I link the two concepts "Leadership and Decision Making", by which I think is one of the activities of the leader
When leadership is required, commonly for office in an organization, we speak of formal leaders. Thus, this leader should have certain skills: communication skills, organizational skills and administrative efficiency, which is to say that a good leader is a person responsible, communicative, and organized today's large number of modern companies are changing the old concept "Chief" by the new concept of "Leader" is within this contextual framework, that more business leaders (managers and executives) must make decisions every day. Their management is based on the decision-making, and quality of those decisions, is one of the most important elements of leadership to achieve, both in magnitude and quality.
There is a direct relationship between the mechanism of decision making and the perception of leadership that produce those who have become leaders of their groups.
is widely accepted in today's environment that the model of more effective and efficient management in business today is leadership. Faced with such a major statement
becomes increasingly important ask what are the keys to success in leadership?
In my opinion, there are 3 key characteristics for successful leaders, which are:
be competent in the area that plays the lead, whether it be sport, work, religion, etc. Bad could a group of followers to be motivated by an incompetent leader in your area.
Another key is the communication, I think that is the hallmark of a good leader, be a good communicator, to coordinate, encourage and urge their followers to achieve common goals.
Credibility: defined as having the quality of being credible. Credibility is important for any leader and people are more willing to follow someone if you can believe what that person says and does. One must remember that there is a difference between management and leadership.

which I try to grow every day, in the way of "building" day by day as a leader. Decision making


Let us focus now on the second concept I want to associate with the Leadership, which is the decision-making, in my opinion, there is a leader who makes decisions (except for the laissez faire), which in my opinion not for an active leader, but rather a passive leader (or decorative). Let's review a definition that seems pretty accurate the decision-making process that says
Decision making is the process by which a choice is made among the alternatives or ways to solve different life situations, these can occur in different contexts: at work, family , sentimental, business (using quantitative methodologies provides management, etc.).
is, at all times we make decisions, the difference between each of these is the process or the way in which they are reached. The decision is basically to choose among the available alternatives, in order to solve a current problem or potential (although not a potential conflict becomes apparent.)
Decision making at the individual level is characterized in that a person makes use of its reasoning and thinking to choose a decision to a problem you face in life, that is, if a person has a problem, it must be able to solve individually through making decisions that specific reason. In the matter making the choice of a way forward, so at an earlier stage of action alternatives to be evaluated. If the latter are not present, there is no decision.
Unlike the effects that can cause a decision right or wrong from the point of view of the leader or the individual are the consequences and / or potential effects on the group, obviously the only affected individual himself, being the leader affect (positively or negatively) to the entire group, which is why it makes more relevance is the correct decision making in front of the group's leader, as bad choices can take you not only lose credibility with your group but also to lose its leadership role.
decisions can be classified taking into account different aspects, such as how often they occur. Are categorized as to the realities facing these decisions regardless of the situation to decide and how to decide (Lander Ramos Basan) define 3 types; Scheduled, Unscheduled and business context, briefly review these 3 definitions
programmed decisions: These are taken frequently, ie they are repetitive and becomes a routine to take them, like the kind of problem solving and occur with some regularity since it has a well established method solution and therefore already know the steps to address these problems, for this reason. The person who makes such a decision does not need to design a solution, but simply governed by the above has been followed.
unscheduled Decisions: decisions are taken on issues or situations that occur infrequently, or exceptional. If a problem has not been presented with often enough to be covered by a policy or if it is so important that it deserves special treatment, should be handled as an unscheduled decision. Problems such as allocating resources in an organization, what to do with a production line that failed, how to improve community relations, in fact, the most important problems facing the leader (eg a manager) - usually require decisions unscheduled. Context
business decisions: In general organizations and companies in particular often exists a hierarchy that determines the type of actions taken within it and, consequently, the type decision to be taken, Administrative Science divides the company into 3 hierarchical levels:
1. .- High level strategic direction, global planning across the enterprise.
2. .- Tactical level planning business subsystems.
3. Operational level .- Development of daily operations.
hierarchical and departmental organization of a company.
The louder the Leader in the hierarchy of an organization, the ability to make unscheduled becomes more important, since such decisions are those that affect those levels. Therefore, most of the programs for developing managers seek improve their ability to make decisions not scheduled, usually teaching them to analyze problems in a systematic manner and make logical decisions under such a scenario becomes more important the quality of decisions made by the senior leader. Which I find very interesting. Today
is such programming, studies and research on the subject, we can make reference to a Process "structured" Decision-making, we can segment the following steps:
Identify and analyze the problem: It is about understanding the condition of the time of viewing the desired condition, ie find the problem and recognize that it must make a decision to reach this solution.
Identify and weigh decision criteria: It consists in identifying those aspects that are relevant when making the decision, that is those patterns which depends on the decision taken.
Define the priority to address the problem: Based on the impact and the urgency that we have to address and resolve the problem. That is, the potential which is vulnerable, and the time available to be taken to avoid or at least reduce this impact.
Generate alternative solutions: involves developing different solutions to the problem.
Evaluate the alternatives: This consists of a detailed study of each possible solutions were generated for the problem, ie look at their advantages and disadvantages, individually regarding the decision criteria.
Choosing the best alternative: In this step you choose the alternative that the evaluation is going to get better results for the problem. (In my opinion is the critical stage).
Implementation of decision: To implement the decision in order to assess whether the decision was correct or not. The implementation will likely result in making new decisions, minor.
Evaluation of results: After implementing the decision is necessary to assess whether or not the problem solved, ie if the decision is having the expected result or not.
In my opinion, and the stage where a leader exerts Key Leadership (pun intended) is in the "choosing the best alternative", a process which tests the true competence of the leader, who then must persuade and motivate their followers to join them to success, having made the decision, and make their plans into action.

From a business perspective, the challenge today is to relate not only to efficiency leadership, but it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the leader on the decision making process, and hence the formulation and implementation of the strategy. Consequently, a significant gap between theory and practice is to develop a model that integrates the impact of leadership style on decision-making process, important factor when defining the concept of "Strategic Leadership" and its subsequent effects about collective leadership will, business, sports, military, etc..

If we make a parallel between life and war, the Leader and a Lion, and supporters with the Servants, it seems very appropriate to quote the following phrase from the Greek writer Plutarch (50-125). That says

"An army of deer led a lion is more feared than an army of lions commanded by a deer. "

Have a great day!

Bibliography:
1. Ana Polo. "Forget charisma, the real key to leadership."
2. Kouzes, James M. and Posner. "The Six Disciplines, Credibility: As you win, lose, and because people claim." Jossey-Bass Publishers. San Francisco.1993. pp. 51
3. Internet. http://www.proverbia.net/citastema.asp/tematica=1778
4. Leadership, by several authors. Harvard Business Review. Deusto. 2004.
5. Class Notes.

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DECISIONS AND MASTER IN MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY in Health Facilities

The Master Management and Quality in Health Care Institutions , is a Graduate program that began a few weeks ago the School of Nursing at the Universidad Arturo Prat. Students cover a range of different specialties, which benefits the participants and provides a multi-approach. Indeed, doctors, nurses, medical technologists, psychologists, veterinarians and fonaoudiólogas.

Its modules include "Leadership and Management Skills" and "HUMAN RESOURCES AND ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT applied to health care institutions, both dictated by the teacher Bussenius C. Horst, School of Psychology the same university.

The coordinator, Ximena Ibarra, was very satisfied with the quality of students and the learning gained so far. HBC

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